Lessons from the field: RegenZ conservation agriculture trials

At RegenZ, we believe in the power of innovation and learning, even when the journey isn’t entirely smooth. Our latest maize trials, conducted with smallholder farmers across Ezibomvini, Vimbukhalo, Qeleni, and Amajwetha, through our partner Mahlathini Development Foundation, have provided valuable insights into the performance of RegenZ’s comprehensivesmallholder farmer inputs package.

The package consists of maize genetics, our new organic compost-based fertiliser called PSP, as well as Zylem biostimulant under real farming conditions. The varieties included in the package for this trial are Cap341, Nevada and Nelson’s Choice Certified, which were tested against the widely used Pan 53 variety.

With 105 participants engaging in Conservation Agriculture (CA) trials, 18 farmers dedicated sections of their fields to evaluating the RegenZ package, intercropped with beans, cowpeas, pumpkins, and summer cover crops to enhance soil health. Each trial covered a 1000m² area, with half of the plot dedicated to the introduced variety maize, and the other half to Pan 53.

While the results were mixed, they have deepened our understanding of what works and what needs further refinement.

You may also be interested in: The proven impact of conservation agriculture on smallholder farmers in South Africa

5 key takeaways from the trials

1. Germination challenges and early growth patterns

One of the main hurdles observed across multiple trial sites was germination rates. Factors contributing to this included high temperatures, bird activity, and inconsistent moisture levels. Farmers like Nombono and Phumelele had to replant some sections due to heat stress and pest interference.

2. Growth differences between introduced varieties  and Pan 53

In most trials, Pan 53 displayed faster growth, darker green foliage, and taller stalks compared to

the introduced varieties. The differences are likely due to variation in the nutrition programmess, as RegenZ varieties received only the PSP and biostimulant, whereas the Pan 53 trial followed the farmers’ standard practices, which included mono ammonium phosphate (MAP). However, the introduced  maize varieties showed earlier tasseling, which could have implications for crop maturity timelines and yield potential, a valuable advantage for smallholder farmers who rely on rainfall for irrigation. Farmers such as Zodwa noted that Cap 341 reached tasseling faster than Pan 53, but its overall plant height and vigour were lower.

3. Pest pressures and management

Stock borer was a significant issue in several trials, affecting both introduced varieties and Pan 53 maize. Farmers like Phumelele and Mantombi had to apply pesticides to manage infestations. Beans also suffered from beetle damage, and cypermethrin was recommended as a solution. These challenges highlighted the need for integrated pest management strategies to support crop resilience.

4. Impact of soil health and cover crops

In trials where summercover crops (SCC) were successfully established, soil conditions were noticeably better. Farmers like Sthabiso benefited from irrigation, which helped maintain soil moisture and supported stronger crop performance. In contrast, sites with lower canopy cover struggled more with weed competition and soil degradation.

5. Variability in farmer experience and support needs

A key learning from the trials was the importance of farmer support and education. Some participants, like Mantombi and Phumelele, struggled with the correct application of liquid stimulants, which may have affected their performance. Providing clearer guidance and follow-up support will be crucial moving forward.

Although the farmers were informed about the virtual technical support at the start of the trial, we realized that regular reminders are essential to ensure they take full advantage of the service. To address this, we have added a barcode to our product labels, allowing farmers to scan and connect directly to our WhatsApp support line. This ensures that assistance is always accessible when needed.

Refining the approach in the future

“While these trials presented challenges, they also reinforced the importance of timely interventions, support systems, and adaptability to local environmental conditions to optimise crop production and ensure sustainable farming practices in the region,” says RegenZ Technical Manager Ntokozo Mkhabela.

The mixed results give us a clearer understanding of where RegenZ maize varieties excel and where adjustments are needed. Here’s how we plan to move forward:

• Strengthening farmer training: Providing clearer guidelines on stimulant application and integrated pest management will help farmers maximise their crop potential.
• Improving resilience strategies: Incorporating more robust cover cropping and irrigation methods can mitigate extreme weather impacts.
• Improved nutrition program: Building on our original PSP, this trial has highlighted the need for enhanced nutritional support for smallholder farmers. As a result, we have developed additional products—PSP Plus, PLAN, and PSP/N2—offering an integrated nutrient management approach. These formulations combine inorganic nutrients with an organic base, promoting both immediate crop productivity and long-term soil fertility improvement.

RegenZ remains committed to continuous improvement, and we are grateful to all the farmers who participated in these trials. Each challenge faced is an opportunity to learn, adapt, and grow stronger. Stay tuned as we refine our approach and work towards more sustainable and productive maize farming practices.